Cyclosporine

1 IN DICATIONS AND USAGE Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is indicated to increase tear production in patients whose tear production is presumed to be suppressed due to ocular inflammation associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Increased tear production was not seen in patients currently taking topical anti-inflammatory drugs or using punctal plugs. Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant indicated to increase tear production in patients whose tear production is presumed to be suppressed due to ocular inflammation associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Increased tear production was not seen in patients currently taking topical anti-inflammatory drugs or using punctal plugs. ( 1 )

2 D OSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Invert the unit dose vial a few times to obtain a uniform, white, opaque emulsion before using. Instill one drop of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% twice a day in each eye approximately 12 hours apart. Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% can be used concomitantly with lubricant eye drops, allowing a 15-minute interval between products. Discard vial immediately after use. Instill one drop of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% twice a day in each eye approximately 12 hours apart. ( 2 )

4 C ONTRAINDICATIONS Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients in the formulation. Hypersensitivity ( 4 )

5 W ARNINGS AND P RECAUTIONS To avoid the potential for eye injury and contamination, be careful not to touch the vial tip to your eye or other surfaces. ( 5.1 ) 5. 1 Potential for Eye Injury and Contamination Be careful not to touch the vial tip to your eye or other surfaces to avoid potential for eye injury and contamination. 5.2 Use with Contact Lenses Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% should not be administered while wearing contact lenses. Patients with decreased tear production typically should not wear contact lenses. If contact lenses are worn, they should be removed prior to the administration of the emulsion. Lenses may be reinserted 15 minutes following administration of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05%.

6 A DVERSE R EACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Potential for Eye Injury and Contamination [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) ] The most common adverse reaction following the use of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% was ocular burning (17%). ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Upsher‑Smith Laboratories, LLC at 1‑855‑899‑9180 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In clinical trials, the most common adverse reaction following the use of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% was ocular burning (17%). Other reactions reported in 1% to 5% of patients included conjunctival hyperemia, discharge, epiphora, eye pain, foreign body sensation, pruritus, stinging, and visual disturbance (most often blurring). 6.2 Post-marketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05%. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Reported reactions have included: hypersensitivity (including eye swelling, urticaria, rare cases of severe angioedema, face swelling, tongue swelling, pharyngeal edema, and dyspnea); and superficial injury of the eye (from the vial tip touching the eye during administration).

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Clinical administration of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is not detected systemically following topical ocular administration [ see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 ) ], and maternal use is not expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug. Oral administration of cyclosporine to pregnant rats or rabbits did not produce teratogenicity at clinically relevant doses [ see Data ]. Data Animal Data At maternally toxic doses (30 mg/kg/day in rats and 100 mg/kg/day in rabbits), cyclosporine oral solution (USP) was teratogenic as indicated by increased pre- and postnatal mortality, reduced fetal weight and skeletal retardations. These doses (normalized to body surface area) are 5,000 and 32,000 times greater, respectively, than the daily recommended human dose of one drop (approximately 28 mcL) of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% twice daily into each eye of a 60 kg person (0.001 mg/kg/day), assuming that the entire dose is absorbed. No evidence of embryofetal toxicity was observed in rats or rabbits receiving cyclosporine during organogenesis at oral doses up to 17 mg/kg/day or 30 mg/kg/day, respectively. These doses in rats and rabbits are approximately 3,000 and 10,000 times greater, respectively, than the daily recommended human dose. An oral dose of 45 mg/kg/day cyclosporine administered to rats from Day 15 of pregnancy until Day 21 postpartum produced maternal toxicity and an increase in postnatal mortality in offspring. This dose is 7,000 times greater than the daily recommended human dose. No adverse effects in dams or offspring were observed at oral doses up to 15 mg/kg/day (2,000 times greater than the daily recommended human dose).