Infuvite Adult

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE INFUVITE ADULT is a combination of vitamins indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 and older receiving parenteral nutrition. The physician should not await the development of clinical signs of vitamin deficiency before initiating vitamin therapy. INFUVITE ADULT is a combination of vitamins indicated for prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 and older receiving parenteral nutrition ( 1 )

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • INFUVITE ADULT is a combination product that contains the following vitamins: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, dexpanthenol, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B 12 ( 2.1 ) • INFUVITE ADULT is for administration by intravenous infusion after dilution ( 2.1 ) • Recommended daily dosage is 10 mL ( 2.1 ) • INFUVITE ADULT is supplied as a single dose and as a pharmacy bulk package. o Single Dose : Add one daily dose of 10 mL (5 mL from Vial 1 and 5 mL from Vial 2) to not less than 500 mL, and preferably 1000 mL, of intravenous dextrose, saline or similar infusion solutions. ( 2.2 ) o Pharmacy Bulk Package : Add the contents of Vial 1 to the contents of Vial 2. This provides ten 10 mL daily doses. Take 10 mL from Vial 2 and add to not less than 500 mL, and preferably 1000 mL, of intravenous dextrose, saline or similar infusion solutions. ( 2.2 ) • After dilution in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate resulting solution unless used immediately. Use solution within 24 hours after dilution ( 2.2 ) • Monitor blood vitamin concentrations ( 2.3 ) • See Full Prescribing Information for drug incompatibilities ( 2.4 ) 2.1 Important Dosage Instructions INFUVITE ADULT is a combination product that contains the following vitamins: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, dexpanthenol, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B 12 . INFUVITE ADULT is supplied as a single dose or as a pharmacy bulk package for intravenous use intended for administration by intravenous infusion after dilution. INFUVITE ADULT Single Dose: • Provides one daily dose of 10 mL (5 mL of Vial 1 plus 5 mL of Vial 2) which must be diluted prior to intravenous administration [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )] . INFUVITE ADULT Pharmacy Bulk Package: • Provides ten 10 mL daily doses when the content of vial 1 is transferred into the content of vial 2. One 10 mL dose is then added directly to intravenous fluid. Pharmacy bulk package of INFUVITE ADULT is intended for dispensing of single doses to multiple patients in a pharmacy admixture program and is restricted to the preparation of admixtures for infusion [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )]. Patients with multiple vitamin deficiencies or with increased vitamin requirements may need multiple daily dosages as indicated. Some patients do not maintain adequate levels of certain vitamins when this formulation in recommended amounts is the only source of vitamins. 2.2 Preparation and Administration Instructions Do not administer INFUVITE ADULT as a direct, undiluted intravenous injection as it may cause dizziness, faintness, and possible tissue irritation . INFUVITE ADULT Single Dose : • Use only in a suitable work area such as a laminar flow hood (or an equivalent clean air compounding area). • Add 5 mL of Vial 1 and 5 mL of Vial 2 to at least 500 mL to 1000 mL, of intravenous dextrose or saline solutions. • Discard unused portion. • Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. • After INFUVITE ADULT is diluted in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate the resulting solution unless it is to be used immediately, and use the solution within 24 hours after dilution. • Minimize exposure to light because some of the vitamins in INFUVITE ADULT, particularly A, D and riboflavin, are light sensitive. INFUVITE ADULT Pharmacy Bulk Package : • Use only in a suitable work area such as a laminar flow hood (or an equivalent clean air compounding area). • Transfer the contents of Vial 1 into the contents of Vial 2 to provide ten 10 mL single doses. • Each bulk vial closure shall be penetrated only one time with a suitable sterile transfer device or dispensing set that allows measured dispensing of the contents. • Once the closure system has been penetrated, complete dispensing from the pharmacy bulk vial should be completed within 4 hours. The mixed solution may be refrigerated and stored for up to 4 hours. • Discard unused portion. • Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. • One daily 10 mL dose should be added directly to at least 500 mL to 1000 mL, of intravenous dextrose, saline or similar infusion solutions. • After INFUVITE ADULT is diluted in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate the resulting solution unless it is to be used immediately, and use the solution within 24 hours after dilution. • Minimize exposure to light because some of the vitamins in INFUVITE ADULT, particularly A, D and riboflavin, are light sensitive. 2.3 Monitoring Vitamin Blood Levels Blood vitamin concentrations should be monitored to ensure maintenance of adequate levels, particularly in patients receiving parenteral multivitamins as the only source of vitamins for long periods of time. 2.4 Drug Incompatibilities • INFUVITE ADULT is not physically compatible with moderately alkaline solutions such as a sodium bicarbonate solution and other alkaline drugs such as acetazolamide sodium, aminophylline, ampicillin sodium, tetracycline HCl and chlorothiazide sodium. • Folic acid is unstable in the presence of calcium salts such as calcium gluconate. • Vitamin A and thiamine in INFUVITE ADULT may react with bisulfite solutions such as sodium bisulfite or vitamin K bisulfate. • Do not add INFUVITE ADULT directly to intravenous fat emulsions. • Consult appropriate references for additional listings of physical and chemical compatibility of solutions and drugs with the vitamin infusion when needed. If incompatibilities are identified, avoid admixture or Y-site administration with vitamin solutions.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS INFUVITE ADULT is contraindicated in patients who have • An existing hypervitaminosis, or • A history of hypersensitivity due to any vitamins or excipients contained in this formulation. • Hypersensitivity to any of the vitamins or excipients ( 4 ) • Existing hypervitaminosis ( 4 )

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Risk of Aluminum Toxicity: For at risk patients (renal failure or those with prolonged therapy), consider periodic monitoring of aluminum levels ( 5.1 ) • Allergic Reactions: To thiamine may occur ( 5.2 ) • Hypervitaminosis A : Patients with renal failure or liver disease may be at higher risk ( 5.3 ) • Decreased Anticoagulant Effect of Warfarin: Monitor INR ( 5.4 , 7.1 ) • Interferes with Megaloblastic Anemia Diagnosis: Avoid during testing for this disorder ( 5.5 ) • Risk of Vitamin Deficiencies or Excesses: Monitor blood vitamin concentrations ( 5.6 ) • False Negative Urine Glucose Tests: Due to vitamin C ( 5.7 ) 5.1 Aluminum Toxicity INFUVITE ADULT contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solution, which contain aluminum. Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration. To prevent aluminum toxicity periodically monitor aluminum levels with prolonged parenteral administration of INFUVITE ADULT in patients with renal impairment. 5.2 Allergic Reactions to Thiamine Allergic reactions such as urticaria, shortness of breath, wheezing and angioedema have been reported following intravenous administration of thiamine, which is found in INFUVITE ADULT. There have been rare reports of anaphylactoid reactions following intravenous doses of thiamine. No fatal anaphylactoid reactions associated with INFUVITE ADULT have been reported. 5.3. Hypervitaminosis A Hypervitaminosis A, manifested by nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, blurred vision has been reported in patients with renal failure receiving 1.5 mg/day retinol and in patients with liver disease, Therefore, supplementation of renal failure patients and patients with liver disease with vitamin A, an ingredient found in INFUVITE ADULT, should be undertaken with caution [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 and 8.7 )]. 5.4 Decreased Anticoagulant Effect of Warfarin INFUVITE ADULT contains Vitamin K, which may decrease the anticoagulant action of warfarin. In patients who are on warfarin anticoagulant therapy receiving INFUVITE ADULT monitor blood levels of prothrombin/INR to determine if dose of warfarin needs to be adjusted. 5.5 Interference with Diagnosis of Megaloblastic Anemia INFUVITE ADULT contains folic acid and cyanocobalamin which can mask serum deficiencies of folic acid and cyanocobalamin in patients with megaloblastic anemia. Avoid the use of INFUVITE ADULT in patients with suspected or diagnosed megaloblastic anemia prior to blood sampling for the detection of the folic acid and cyanocobalamin deficiencies. 5.6 Potential to Develop Vitamin Deficiencies or Excesses In patients receiving parenteral multivitamins such as with INFUVITE ADULT, blood concentration should be periodically monitored to determine if deficiencies or excesses are developing. INFUVITE ADULT may not correct long-standing specific vitamin deficiencies. The administration of additional therapeutic doses of specific vitamins may be required [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 )]. 5.7 Interference with Urine Glucose Testing INFUVITE ADULT contains vitamin C which is also known as ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid in the urine may cause false negative urine glucose results.

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS A number of interactions between vitamins and drugs have been reported. The following are examples of these types of interactions: Effect of INFUVITE ADULT on other drugs: • Antibiotics: Thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, and ascorbic acid decrease activities of erythromycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, doxycycline, and lincomycin ( 7.1 ) • Bleomycin: Ascorbic acid and riboflavin may reduce the activity of bleomycin ( 7.1 ) • Levodopa: Pyridoxine may decrease blood levels of levodopa and levodopa efficacy may decrease ( 7.1 ) • Phenytoin: Folic acid may decrease phenytoin blood levels and increase risk of seizure activity ( 7.1 ) • Methotrexate: Folic acid may decrease response to methotrexate ( 7.1 ) Effects of other drugs on INFUVITE ADULT: • Hydralazine, Isoniazid: Concomitant administration of hydralazine or isoniazid may increase pyridoxine requirements ( 7.2 ). • Phenytoin: May decrease folic acid concentrations ( 7.2 ) • Chloramphenicol : In patients with pernicious anemia, the hematologic response to vitamin B12 therapy may be inhibited ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Drug Interactions Affecting Co-Administered Drugs Warfarin : Vitamin K, a component of INFUVITE ADULT, antagonizes the anticoagulant action of warfarin. In patients who are co-administered warfarin and INFUVITE ADULT, blood levels of prothrombin/INR should be monitored to determine if dose of warfarin needs to be adjusted [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. Antibiotics : Thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, and ascorbic acid decrease antibiotic activities of erythromycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, doxycycline, and lincomycin. Bleomycin : Ascorbic acid and riboflavin inactivate bleomycin in vitro , thus the activity of bleomycin may be reduced. Levodopa : Pyridoxine may increase the metabolism of levodopa (decrease blood levels of levodopa) and decrease its efficacy. Phenytoin: Folic acid may increase phenytoin metabolism and lower the serum concentration of phenytoin resulting in increased seizure activity. Methotrexate: Folic acid may decrease a patient’s response to methotrexate therapy. 7.2 Drug Interactions Affecting Vitamin Levels Hydralazine, Isoniazid: Concomitant administration of hydralazine or isoniazid may increase pyridoxine requirements. Phenytoin : Phenytoin may decrease serum folic acid concentrations. Chloramphenicol: In patients with pernicious anemia, the hematologic response to vitamin B 12 therapy may be inhibited by chloramphenicol.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other section of the labeling. • Allergic reactions to thiamine [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] • Hypervitaminosis A [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of INFUVITE ADULT. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Dermatologic: rash, erythema, pruritis CNS: headache, dizziness, agitation, anxiety Ophthalmic: diplopia Adverse reactions have included anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions including shortness of breath, wheezing and angioedema, rash, erythema, pruritis, headache, dizziness, agitation, anxiety, diplopia ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Sandoz Inc. at 1-800-525-8747 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of the approved recommended dose of INFUVITE ADULT in parental nutrition is not expected to cause major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Pregnant patients should follow the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances for pregnancy because their vitamin requirements may exceed those of nonpregnant patients. Deficiency of essential vitamins may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes (see Clinical Considerations) . Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with INFUVITE ADULT. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk Deficiency of essential vitamins has been associated with adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes, such as maternal folic acid deficiency and an increased risk of neural tube defects. Therefore, parenteral nutrition with multiple vitamins injection should be considered if a pregnant woman’s nutritional requirements cannot be fulfilled by oral or enteral intake.